Tough Questions Answered

A Christian Apologetics Blog

Can We Know Moral Values Without Knowing God?

| April 24, 2013

Post Author: Bill Pratt  Clearly the answer must be “yes.”  In fact, the apostle Paul teaches this very truth in the book of Romans. There are some moral truths that can be known without a person ever acknowledging God’s existence. In fact, the world would be a complete disaster if everyone had to agree on [...]

Why Is a Transcendent Moral Standard Necessary? Part 2

| April 3, 2013

Post Author: Bill Pratt  Picking up the argument from part 1, let’s recap. When we make moral judgments, we just take for granted that our judgments apply regardless of time period, place, or even species. Another way to say this is that our moral judgments transcend time, place, and species. If this is true, then it seems [...]

Why Is a Transcendent Moral Standard Necessary? Part 1

| April 1, 2013

Post Author: Bill Pratt  When we humans make moral judgments, when we call some activity morally good or bad, we think that our judgment is universal, that it transcends time, place, and even our own human species. Let me explain each one in turn. With regard to time, we humans believe that it is perfectly [...]

Why Do Science and Reason Transcend the Material World?

| March 27, 2013

Post Author: Bill Pratt  We live in an era where science and reason are highly valued, but at the same time many intellectuals doubt the existence of anything but matter and energy. Philosophers, such as Thomas Nagel, have pointed out the  built-in contradiction of the worldview that says only physical matter exists, and that reason [...]

How Do We Know Reality?

| January 16, 2013

Post Author: Bill Pratt I know this seems like a ridiculous question to normal people, but this is actually a very live and contentious debate among the professors teaching your children at the university. So you need to pay attention to these debates, lest your college expenditures be flushed down the drain! The classical Christian [...]

Has the Multiverse Killed Metaphysics (and God)?

| January 11, 2013

Post Author: Bill Pratt If you believe a handful of famous physicists (e.g., Hawking, Mlodinow, and Smolin), the answer is yes. Multiverse theorists, like the three aforementioned physicists, posit a multiverse which contains numerous universes with different physical laws. According to Austin L. Hughes, in his article “The Folly of Scientism,”  these theorists hold that [...]

What Comes First? Epistemology or Metaphysics?

| November 16, 2012

Post Author: Bill Pratt Actually the answer is neither, but we’ll get to that soon enough.  Why ask this question in the first place?  Because philosophy is a discipline that builds one layer upon another (just like many other disciplines), and since philosophy provides a foundation for all of the sciences, it is extremely important [...]

Is the Multiverse Hypothesis Scientific Or Not? Part 2

| January 9, 2012

Post Author: Bill Pratt In part 1 of this series, we learned that there are two versions of the multiverse hypothesis, level 1 and level 2.  The level 1 multiverse is non-controversial as it is basically an extension of our current universe in space.  The level 2 multiverse, however, makes much grander claims and is fraught with [...]

Have Aristotle’s Metaphysics Been Proven Wrong?

| September 12, 2011

Post Author: Bill Pratt OK, those of you who have never thought about Aristotle and don’t even know what the word metaphysics means are probably already yawning, but hang on for a minute.  Briefly, why should you care about Aristotle?  Because the medieval Christian theologians (Thomas Aquinas being the most brilliant example) built their conceptions [...]

Does the Scientific Method Preclude the Existence of Miracles?

| June 22, 2011

Post Author: Bill Pratt This is a familiar theme for long-time readers of the blog.  I am deeply interested in where the scientific method can shed light and where its light begins to fade.  For mankind, to know everything is to know all that really exists.  If you think of everything that exists as falling [...]

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